Traditional Clothing Heritage of Assam

Assam, one of the sister states in the North East of India, has a rich textile and clothing heritage. While there are many unique garments and textiles that have been a part of the Assamese culture for centuries, modern day Assam is a lot more influenced by Western styles. Nevertheless, traditional items of clothing can be seen on special occasions such as the harvest festival of Assam, known as Bihu.

The traditional clothing of Assam received patronage in the 16th century under the Mughal rule, although the 15th century was also significant in terms of enriching the clothing styles and varieties of this state. The richest attires were created during the 15th century using the Atasi fibers. Cotton was considered to be more valuable than silk and was used to create clothes for the royalty at the time. There are certain items of clothing that have prevailed over the centuries and are still an essential part of the culture. For instance, the three piece saree known as the Mekhla Chador and the Puan which is a shawl like cloth meant to be wrapped around the waist are fine examples of classic attire.

Assam Mekhla Chador SareesMen wear a gamcha turban that is embellished with traditional designs along with a dhoti that is usually made of light fabric in bright colors. Another atypical accessory in Assam is the Eri Chaddar is a sash that is draped around the neck with its ends hanging loosely down the front. Muga silk is currently used to make these men’s garments.

Simple accessories are worn with traditional Assamese outfits. While men wear jutis along with simple gold chains and karhas, women wear traditional jewelry in gold and silver. The kamarbandh is a special accessory for women.

The traditional forms of embroidery of Assam can be found not only on clothing items but also accessories and home furnishing.

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